財報季頻頻暴雷,如何用期權“大賺一筆”?
2022年Q3財報季來襲,對於懂得利用衍生品工具的投資者來說,每次發佈財報都是一次絕佳的賺錢機會。但機會永遠不會缺席,期權就是狙擊財報季投資機會的最好工具。今天就來聊聊如何在財報季利用期權工具多賺一些。
爲什麼期權在財報季時更好用?
一般公司財報發佈後,股價都會有一個較大幅度的波動。而波動對於期權來說,本身就是價值,波動越大,期權上的投資機會也就越多。
另外,除了捕捉投資機會以外,還能抵禦部分投資風險。如果正確使用期權,是能夠以小資金放大財報前後波動的收益,又或者用來抵禦一部分財報未達預期導致的正股下跌風險。
猜不對漲跌,也能用期權賺錢
以美股的特斯拉爲例,如果特斯拉股價在財報前後發生劇烈波動,有沒有一種相對偏保守的期權交易策略,不用猜對漲跌,也能在一定程度上降低買賣期權的風險。
有,這就是跨式期權策略。
買入跨式策略是指同時買入相同數量、相同標的、相同到期日、相同行權價格的看漲期權和看跌期權。該策略適用於正股價格波動非常大的股票,典型的是成長股、科技股。

以特斯拉期權爲例,以8.6美元的價格,買入1張11月11日到期行權價爲230美元的call,同時以16.05美元的價格,買入1張11月11日到期行權價爲230美元的put。這,就是跨式期權組合操作。
買入跨式策略適用於預期標的價格會有大幅波動,但不確定波動方向的情形。
該策略只需付出有限的權利金,如果發生暴漲或暴跌,潛在收益可能巨大。當然該策略最大的風險是,如果波動不夠大,將可能損失全部權利金(買入期權所花費的本金)。
買入跨式策略的盈虧平衡點有兩個:
低盈虧平衡點等於行權價格減去總權利金,高盈虧平衡點等於行權價格加上總權利金。到期時,當標的價格低於低盈虧平衡點或標的價格高於高盈虧平衡點時,買入跨式策略才能盈利。
下跌盈虧平衡點:230-(8.6+16.05)=205.35既股價下跌到205.35美元時,你的收益爲0。上漲盈虧平衡點:230+(8.6+16.05)=254.65,既股價上漲至254.65時,你的收益爲0。當股價波動不夠大,在205.35和254.65之間,投資者是虧損狀態。而當股價跌破205.35美元和上漲突破254.65美元,投資者收益爲正,開始盈利。
同理,與買入跨式期權相對應的是賣出跨式期權,也就是同時賣出相同數量、相同標的、相同到期日、相同行權價格的看漲期權和看跌期權。賣出跨式策略適用於預期標的價格不會出現大幅波動的情形(波動小)。
押注於股票的波動率
究竟是選擇買入還是賣出跨式期權組合,需要投資者在時間價值和未來波動期望之間進行博弈。
總而言之,當投資者預計波動率上升時,買入執行價相同的看漲與看跌期權;當投資者預計波動率下降時,賣出執行價相同的看漲與看跌期權。
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