買特斯拉被套牢?期權幫你三年賺一倍
今年在美股持續弱勢、美聯儲不斷加息的情況下,股票行情極其震盪,不少投資者或多或少會有部分股票被套牢。股票虧錢後,投資者的選擇不只有等待,使用恰當的期權策略可以反敗爲勝。
適合當下市場狀況的期權策略叫Covered call,這種策略巴菲特和段永平都非常喜歡用,做法很簡單,在持有正股的時候賣空相應的看漲期權(call),也就是long stock + short call。
以特斯拉爲例,9月6日收盤,特斯拉每股價格爲274.42美元。投資者可以賣出一張目標價爲300美元,權利金爲808美元(每股爲8.08,一張合約包含100股),10月7日到期的看漲期權。

在到期日時有下列幾種情況:
1、到期日特斯拉股價在274-300美元區間
如果10月7日,特斯拉價格在300以下,期權合約順利到期,期權上投資者可以獲得808美元,除了期權帶來的利潤,股票帶來的利潤,投資者也可正常獲得,總收益爲股票收益加上期權收益。
短短一個月,不計特斯拉股票上的收益或虧損,期權上的回報率爲2.91%(持有100股成本爲274美元的特斯拉)。
假設在特斯拉股價不變,市場波動率不大幅變動的情況下,如果堅持每月賣出類似的看漲期權,堅持賣34.3個月,單靠期權可以賺回本來投資特斯拉的27400美元,收益率爲100%(實際操作中,需要每月股價波動,來選擇合適的期權,暴漲、暴跌情況下也需要進行策略調整)。
2、到期日特斯拉股價在300美金以上或者274美元以下
當到期日時,特斯拉的價格低於274美金,此時期權合約帶來的808美金仍可正常獲得。投資者在股票上因爲股價跌破成本274美元,需要承擔股票虧損。但相對於只買股票,期權的利潤可以給我們的股票虧損帶來一定的緩衝空間。
如果到期日時,特斯拉的價格高於300美金,比如爲310美元。此時期權合約的買方會要求行權。
因爲使用了期權策略,此時期權產生了淨虧損,每一百股股票,我們只能賺取2,508美元。股價漲超過盈虧平衡點308.8美元(目標價+每股權利金)的部分即爲期權帶來的淨虧損。在我們沒有賣出期權的情況下,漲到310美元,每一百股股票,我們能賺取2700美元(股價上漲收益+權利金)。
Covered call策略適合投資者認爲"長期看好持倉股票,不想賣出手上的股票,預期最近股票股價不會暴漲或暴跌"時使用。長期賣出合適的看漲期權,可以爲股票持倉帶來豐厚的收益,但要處理好股票暴漲時,期權對利潤限制的危害。
當股價在行權價以上,那麼股票隨時都有可能被對方行權買走。如果持有的股票是自己特別喜歡的股票,此時就可能會失去股票。當然,如果不想失去股票,也可以選擇把call買回來平倉。還可以在對方行權買走自己的股票之後,立刻從市場上買回來。
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